Postnatal Depression
What is postnatal depression?
Postnatal depression is a type of low mood and sadness that can happen after having a baby. It's also sometimes called postpartum depression. This condition can affect any parent - mums, dads, or other carers - after a baby arrives.
Many new parents feel a bit down or worried after having a baby. This is very common and usually gets better on its own. But postnatal depression is different - it lasts longer and feels much stronger.
How common is it?
Postnatal depression affects about 1 in 10 new parents. You're not alone if you're struggling with these feelings, and it's nothing to be ashamed of. Having a baby is a huge life change, and it's normal for your mental health to be affected.
What does it feel like?
Postnatal depression can make you feel:
- Very sad or tearful most days
- Hopeless about the future
- Guilty about not being a good parent
- Worried all the time about your baby
- Unable to enjoy things you used to like
- Very tired but unable to sleep
- Like you can't cope with everyday tasks
- Angry or irritated more than usual
- Anxious about being left alone with your baby
You might also notice changes in your appetite - eating much more or much less than usual.
When does it happen?
Postnatal depression usually starts within the first few months after having a baby, but it can begin up to a year later. Some parents notice symptoms during pregnancy, which can continue after the baby is born.
What causes it?
There's no single cause of postnatal depression. Several things can make it more likely:
- Changes in hormone levels after giving birth
- Lack of sleep and exhaustion
- Difficult birth experience
- Money worries or relationship problems
- Little support from family or friends
- Previous mental health problems
- Premature baby or baby with health issues
Red flag symptoms - get help immediately
Call 999 or go to A&E if you have thoughts about:
- Hurting yourself or your baby
- Ending your life
- That your baby would be better off without you
Speak to your GP urgently if you:
- Can't look after yourself or your baby
- Feel completely unable to cope
- Have very worrying thoughts that won't go away
Getting help
The good news is that postnatal depression can be treated effectively. Speak to your GP if you're concerned about your mental health after having a baby. They can:
- Assess how you're feeling
- Discuss treatment options
- Refer you to specialist services if needed
- Check on your baby's wellbeing
Don't wait for symptoms to get worse. Early help means faster recovery.
Treatment options
Your GP might suggest:
- Talking therapies like counselling
- Support groups with other new parents
- Medication if appropriate
- Help with practical support at home
Remember, asking for help shows strength, not weakness. Looking after your mental health helps you care for your baby better too.
Based on NHS.uk guidance. Written by Dr Krishnan Pasupathi, NHS GP.
Before you act on anything here
This page is general information, written to help you understand — it is not personal medical advice and it cannot tell you what is right for you. Talk to your own GP, pharmacist or nurse about your own health.
- Need help now but it's not an emergency? Call NHS 111 or use 111.nhs.uk.
- Emergency? Call 999 or go to A&E.