Trigger Finger

What is trigger finger?

Trigger finger is when your finger or thumb gets stuck in a bent position, like it's pulling an invisible trigger. It happens when the thick cord (called a tendon) that helps move your finger becomes swollen and gets trapped.

Don't worry - this is a common problem that many people experience, especially as they get older.

What are the signs?

The main sign is your finger or thumb getting stuck when bent, then suddenly snapping straight with a clicking or popping sound - just like pulling and releasing a trigger.

You might also notice:

• Pain in your finger, thumb, or palm
• Stiffness in the affected finger
• Having to push your finger straight with your other hand
• Symptoms feeling worse in the morning
• More difficulty when using your hands for cooking, DIY, or sports

Why does it happen?

Sometimes we don't know exactly why trigger finger starts. It can happen after an injury, but often appears without any obvious cause.

Inside your finger, there's a thick cord (tendon) that connects your muscles to your bones and helps you move your finger. When this cord becomes swollen or thickened, it can get stuck when you try to bend and straighten your finger.

You're more likely to get trigger finger if you:

• Are over 40 years old
• Have diabetes
• Have a condition called rheumatoid arthritis (where your joints become painful and swollen)

What can you do at home?

The good news is that trigger finger sometimes gets better on its own without any treatment.

You can help by:

• Resting your hand - avoid activities that make your symptoms worse until they improve
• Taking painkillers - medicines like ibuprofen can help reduce pain and swelling

When to speak to your GP

You should speak to your GP if:

• You think you have trigger finger and it's not getting better
• Your symptoms stop you doing your normal daily activities like writing, cooking, or dressing

Good to know: In some areas, you might be able to refer yourself directly for treatment without seeing your GP first. Ask your GP surgery reception staff if this is available near you.

What treatments are available?

If your symptoms don't improve on their own, your GP or a specialist might suggest:

• Anti-inflammatory medicines - stronger tablets to reduce pain and swelling
• Splinting - wearing a plastic support to keep your finger straight and let it rest
• Steroid injection - a small injection into your finger to reduce swelling
• Surgery - this is only considered if other treatments haven't worked

Most people find their trigger finger improves with simple treatments, so don't worry if you're experiencing these symptoms.

Remember, this information is for guidance only. If you're concerned about your symptoms, speak to your GP who can properly assess your individual situation and recommend the best treatment for you.

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Based on NHS.uk guidance. Written by Dr Krishnan Pasupathi, NHS GP.